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lill/l/ ATTORNEYS C. I-I. HINDS.

INCLCSINC-CASE ECE ELECTRIC MACHINES.

N. PETERS, mwnriogrgpw, wnhinmon, o. c.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. HINDS, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

INCLOSING-CASE FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming pari: of Letters Patent No. 368,088, dated August 9, 1887.

Application filed March 3, 1857. Serial No. 229,590. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, GITARLEs H. HINDs, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Inclosing-Cases for Electric Machines, of which the following is a specitication.

This invention 'relates to improvements in inclosing-eases for electric machines, as set forth in the following specification and claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which;

Figure lis a plan view of an electric machine partly broken away. Fig. 2 is a section in the plane wir, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a section in the plane y y, Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a section inthe plane x fr', Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a section in the plane x mi, Fig. 1.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, the letter A designates a case or receptacle. A suitable lid or cover, B, closes the case. To secure tight closing a packing, C, of soft rubber or other suitable material, .is placed between the cover B and case A. The cover B is held in place by fastening devlces consisting of hooks or clamps D, secured by screws 'H to a ring or support, E. The ring-support or base E haslugs F, provided with holes I, for the re'ceptionof the screws I-I. Additional holes or attaching devices, J may be formed in the lugs F, whereby the case A, with itscontents, can be secured in any suitable place, as, for example, to the side of a room. By making the base E in the form of aring of suitable size said base E will be light and cheap of manufacture, and such ring can be made sufficiently strong to secure the cover B and case A against displacement. -Bads or cushions j, of suitable matcrialmsuch as soft rubber-are shown between the clamps or braces D and the cover B, so as to prevent injury to the cover B.

The cover B is provided with a hole for the passage of a shaft or axle, B. Suitable attaching devices or screws, K, are also provided for the attachment of the positive and negative conductors Z. The seats Oof the attachingscrews K are held in place byscrews or attaching devices L and collars and clamps M. A tube or pad, N, of suitable material-such as soft rubber-furnishes a soft support for each seat O and screw L. Such cushions N will deaden any blow or jar that is communicated to the seats O, to the collars M, or to thescrews L.

The aXleP is adapted for the reception of an actuating device-such as a crank, (not shown,) whereby rotation can be imparted to the axle P. The axle P is provided with a shoulder or seat, It, adapted to set against a tubular seat, Q, on the cover B or case A, as the case may be. Said shoulder B and seat Q are adapted to set closely together, so that no air or moisture can pass along the seat Q or shoulder B into the interior of the machine. By properly grinding the seat Q and the shoulder R said seat and shoulder can be made to set closely together. A stufingbox or packing might be applied about the axle l? to eX- clude air and moisture. I prefer, however, the seat Q and shoulder R fitted to one another, as just described, because such seat and shoul der can be readily and cheaply produced, and because they furnishaclosing which is not apt to become leaky by wear, since the rotation of the axle P tends to grind the shoulder B. into engagement with the scat Q. A spring, S, keeps the shoulder It in engagement with the seat Q. As seen in the drawings, one end of the aXleP rests on the spring S,or on the support 7c of the spring S. The spring S, or its support 7c, rests on the condenser a g of the machine.

The condenser a gismade in any well-known suitable manner-for example, of sheets or plates, a, of hard rubber or other suitable inaterial, and ofsheets, g, of tin foil or other suitable material. Posts or connections IV X b d ef connect the condenser a g with the frame# plate Z. The frame-plate Z is made of suitable insulatingmaterial, such as hard rubber. Vhen the post c, Fig. 1, strikes against a suitable stop, such as a screw, L, the frame-plate Z and condenser a g are prevented from turning in the direction of arrow 1.

The generating-plate rI is made of suitable materialsuch as hard-rubber-and is connected to the shaft P. When the shaft IJ is revolved in the direction of arrow l, Fig. l, the generating plate or disk 'I turns with the shaft. The friction of the generating -plate IOO .a I assess against the cushions V U causes electricity to collect on the conductors c. The conductors c are connected by the post Z/ with one set of the platesgot the condenser. The post IV, which holds the cushions V U in place, connects with the other set of the plates g. In the drawings cach set of plates g is shown as consisting of but one plate; but, it' desired, a greater number of plates g may be used in each set. The cushions V U are shown as consisting of plates or supports V, ofsuitable material-such as hard rubber-and of pieces U, of suitable 1iiaterial--siich as oil-silk-secured to the supports V. A convenient manner of securing the supports V in place is by providing the supports V with holes and passing the posts NV X through the holes in the supports V. By providing the supports V with suitably -shaped spring arms Y, which press against the frame-plate Z and the condenser, such spring-arins Y will hold the cushions V U firmly against the generating-plate T. Screws or attaching devices 'Z can secure the springarms Y to the cushions V U. XVhen the shaft Pnis turned in the direction of arrow l, Fig. l, the frame-plate Z, condenser c g, and generating-plate T revolve in the direction of arrow l until the stop or post c strikes a stop or screw L. The condenser a g and frame-plate Z then remain stationary, while the generatating-plate T continues to revolve in the di rectioii ofarrow l. By this motion ofthe gcneratiiigplate 'll the condenser a g becomes charged with electricity. Vhen the condenser a g is sufficiently charged with electricity, the shaft I.) is turned in the direction opposed to that of arrow l. The condenser, generatingplate, and frame-plate vZ are thereby moved in said last-named direction until the posts d f come to the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. l. Said posts df thus come into electrical connection with the screws L, and with conductors Z, connected to said screws L.

One of the posts as, for example, the post Zis in connection with one set of plates g of the condenser, and the other post, j", is in connection with the other set of plates y ofthe condenser. The contact ofthe posts df with the stops or screws L thus enables the electric charge to be conducted through conductors Z, connected to the screws K and stops L. rlllie jar caused by the posts cZ c fstriking the stops or screws L is deadeiied by the cushioned seats N, Fig. S, ofthe screws L, so that breakage of any part is not liable to occnr.

In case the clamps D are made of material which is a conductor of electricitysucli, for example, as brass-care should be taken to place the clamps D at as great a distance as possible from the connections or screws I( and conductors Z, so as to prevent improper circuits ofthe electric charge.

In order to enable the condenser a g to oscillate easily in the case A, a rest or shoulder, le, Fig. 2, of smooth material, such as glass, is provided.

IVith regard to the case A and cover B, it should be noticed that such cases and covers have heretofore been made of hard rubber. Hard rubber is agood insulator for electricity and a good electric, and is well adapted for such objects as the generating-plate T; but I have found that hard rubber is unsatisfactory for the case A and cover B, because of the tendency ofthe electric charge ofthe machine to accumulate on a -hard-rnbber inclosingcase, whereby waste and dispersion of the electric charge take place. The machine thus loses much of its power which might be practically applied. To prevent such waste and dispersion of the electric charge, I make the case A and cover B of a substance which prevents accumulation ot' an electric charge on the inclosing-case, and which is yet su fticientl y non-conductive to prevent improper discharge of the machine or material weakening of the charge of the machine.

Asubstance which I have found serviceable for the case and cover is glazed porcelain, which substance prevents the accumulation of an electric charge on the inclosing-case, and which is yet sufficiently non-conductive to prevent discharge or material weakening .ot the charge of the machine. Waste and dispersion of the electric charge are thusprevented, and as the electricity generated within an inclosure, AIS, made of such materiatas porcelaimhas no material effect upon such inclosure A I3, there is no practical waste or leakage of electricity, and the practical working capacity of the machine is increased. Since material sncli as porcelain is not apt to deteriorate or change from exposure to atmospheric influences or changes in temperature, the interior of the machine will remain thoroughly insulated and protected.

IVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isa

l. An inclosing-case for electrical machines, composed of material which is sufficiently non-conductive to prevent discharging the machine,and which prevents accumulation of an electric charge on the inclosing-case, substantially as set forth.

2. An inclosing-case for friction electric generators, composed of porcelain, and having a removable and replaceable cover of like material, provided with a central oritice for the passage of the axle of the rotating generatingplate, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a case composed of material which is sufficiently non-conductive to prevent discharging an electrical machine, and which prevents accumulation of an electric charge on the inclosing-case, and having a detachable cover of like material provided with a central oritlce, with a friction electric generator arranged in said case and having the axle ofthe rotating generator-plate extend ing through said opening in the cover, substantially as described.

4. An inclosing-case for electrical machines,

IOO

composed of material whichis sufficiently nonconductive to prevent discharging the machine, and which prevents accumulation of an electric charge on the inclosing-case, and pro vided with a detachable cover of like material provided with a central orifice containing a tubular seat, Q, in combination with a friction electric generator arranged in said case and having the axle l? of its rotating generating-plate projecting through said orifice, and provided with a lateral shoulder, R, bearing against said tubular seat, substantially as described. p

5. The combination of a case for electrical machines,composed of material which is suiiiciently non-conductive to prevent discharging the machine,and which prevents accumulation of an electric charge on the inclosingcase, and having a coverof like material provided with a central orifice containing a tubular seat, Q, with a friction electric generator arranged in said case, and having the axle P of its generating-plate projecting through said oriiice,and

provided with a lateral shoulder, R, and a spring, S, acting on the axle to press its shoulder against the tubular seat, substantially as described.

6. In afriction electric generator, an inclos ing-case containing the friction-generator and having its cover provided with a central oriiice containing a tubular seat, Q, in combination with the axle P of the rotating generatingplate projecting through said orifice, and provided with a lateral shoulder, R, and extending through said seat, and a spring, S, acting on the axle to press its shoulder against said tubular seat, substantially as described.

7. A friction electric generating machine having an inclosing-case of porcelain, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with an inclosing-case for containing a friction electric generator and having a removable cover provided with a central opening for the axle of the rotating generating-plate, of a separate' base, E, on which said case rests, provided with projections F, and connections D,engaging said projections and case-cover, to clamp the parts together, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with an inclosing-case 'for containing a friction electric generator and having a removable cover provided with acentral opening for the axle of the rotating generating-plate, of a separate base, E, on which said case rests, provided with projections F, hooks D, engaging over the edge of the said cover, and-screws H, connecting the hooks with the projections of the base, substantially as described.

10. An inclosing-case for friction electric generators, composed of material which is sufficiently non-conductive to prevent discharging the machine,and which prevents accumulation of an electric charge on the inclosing-case, and having a removable and replaceable cover of like material provided with a central opening for the passage of the axle which rotates the generating-plate, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of two subscribi ng witnesses.

CHAS. H. HINDS. [L s] Titnesscsz W. HAUFF, E. F. KAsTENHUBnR. 

